Mirqāt The Ascent of Logic

Intermediate · a field of logic

Proof Theory

Proofs as objects of study: natural deduction, the sequent calculus, and cut-elimination, the structure of demonstration itself.

The problem
What is a proof, as a mathematical object, and can every detour through a lemma be eliminated?
The turning point
Gentzen’s cut-elimination (Hauptsatz): every sequent proof can be rewritten without the cut rule, yielding the subformula property.
An open question
How far can ordinal analysis measure the strength of strong theories, and what lies past current reach?

The Canon

  • Gentzen Collected Papers 1934–35
  • Takeuti Proof Theory

To study it

  • Troelstra & Schwichtenberg Basic Proof Theory
  • Girard Proofs and Types
  • Negri & von Plato Structural Proof Theory